HTML Guide for encoding
The href attribute of an <a> element contains an invalid character, that should be properly encoded as a URI percent-encoded character.
An illegal character has been found for the “href” attribute on the “link” element.
To fix this issue, find the “link” element in question and make sure that the “href” attribute contains a valid URL without any illegal characters.
Here’s some example HTML code of a link element:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>My Webpage</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles/main.css">
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to my webpage!</h1>
<p>Here is some content...</p>
</body>
</html>In the above example, the link element has a valid href attribute value of styles/main.css. Make sure that your href attribute values don’t contain any illegal characters.
The src attribute on an <img> element contains an invalid character, that should be properly encoded as a URI percent-encoded character.
The accept attribute may be specified to provide browsers with a hint of what file types will be accepted on an <input> element. It expects a comma-separated list of allowed file types. Refer to the list of media types to check the accepted tokens. In this example, the first line is invalid while the second is valid:
<input name='file' type='file' accept='doc, docx, pdf' />
<input name='file' type='file' accept='text/doc, text/docx, application/pdf' />Hash (#) characters can be used in an href attribute to link to a specific part of a document.
For example, if we have this page with several sections, each of them marked with an ID:
<h1>Frequently Asked Questions</h1>
<h2 id="pricing">Pricing</h2>
<p>All about pricing...</p>
<h2 id="terms">Terms</h2>
<p>You can find our terms at...</p>
<h2 id="guarantee">Guarantee</h2>
<p>We offer a guarantee...</p>You can link to a specific part of that document, for example if this page URL is /faqs and you want to link to the Guarantee section you could use:
<a href="/faqs#guarantee">Guarantee</a>Or, if you’re linking from inside the same document, for example in a table of contents, you could just use:
<a href="#guarantee">Guarantee</a>As there can only be one fragment in an URL, the # character should only be used once. The following would be an invalid href:
<a href="/faqs#guarantee#pricing">Bad</a>If needed, the # could be encoded as %23.
Space characters are not allowed in href attributes. Instead, they should be converted to %20. In this example, the first line is invalid and the second is valid:
<a href="https://example.com#some term">invalid</a>
<a href="https://example.com#some%20term">valid</a>The href attribute on an <a> tag contains an space, which is not allowed. Consider replacing space characters with “%20”.
An href attribute on an a element contains an invalid URL that has space characters in the domain.
The domain in a URL cannot contain space characters, for example the following are invalid:
<a href="http://my domain.com">link</a>
<a href="http://my%20domain.com">link</a>The src attribute on an element <img> contains a character which is not allowed unless properly encoded.
Special characters needing encoding are: :, /, ?, #, [, ], @, !, $, &, ', (, ), *, +, ,, ;, =, as well as % itself.
For example, this image tag is incorrect because the src attribute contains an the unallowed characters [ and ]:
<img src="image[00].svg" alt="logo">Instead, this is the properly percent-encoded src attribute, where [ has been replaced with %5B and ] with %5D.
<img src="image%5B00%5D.svg" alt="logo">Space characters are not allowed in src attributes. Instead, they should be converted to %20. In this example, the first line is invalid and the second is valid:
<img src="https://example.com/?s=some term" alt="description" />
<img src="https://example.com/?s=some%20term" alt="description" />The src attribute on an <img> tag is not allowed to contain space characters. You should replace them with “%20“.
The issue arises from the space character in the src attribute value of the script element. In URLs, spaces are not allowed and should be properly encoded to avoid validation errors.
Fix
Replace spaces with %20, which is the URL-encoded representation of a space.
Example
Before:
<script src="https://example.com/media assets/app.js"></script>After:
<script src="https://example.com/media%20assets/app.js"></script>Explanation
In this example, the space between “media” and “assets” in the URL is replaced with %20. This change ensures that the URL conforms to standards and is correctly processed by browsers and servers. Spaces and other special characters in URLs must be encoded to ensure proper formatting and accessibility.
An HTML tag could not be parsed, most probably because of a typo.
A character has been found in the document that is not allowed in the charset encoding being used.
The document has been declared to use a windows-1251 charset but the actual contents seems to be utf-8. You should update the charset to that like in this example:
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">The document could not be properly parsed due to malformed characters. Check the document encoding.
Read about Normalization in HTML and CSS.